BS ISO 704-2000 pdf download – Terminology work – Principles and methods.
1 Scope This International Standard establishes and harmonizes the basic principles and methods for preparing and compiling terminologies both inside and outside the framework of standardization. This International Standard describes the links between objects, concepts, and their representations through the use of terminologies. It also establishes general principles governing the formation of designations and the formulation of definitions. Full and complete understanding of these principles requires some background knowledge of terminology. The principles are general in nature and this International Standard is applicable to terminology work in scientific, technological, industrial, administrative, and other fields of knowledge. This International Standard does not stipulate procedures for the layout of International Terminology Standards that are treated in Iso 10241. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 9:1995, Information and documentation – -Transliteration of Crillic characters into Latin characters一Slavic and non-Slavic languages. ISO 233:1984, Documentation – – Transliteration of Arabic characters into Latin characters. ISO 233-2:1993, Information and documentation – – Transliteration of Arabic characters into Latin characters一 Part 2: Arabic language – – Simplified transliteration.
5 Concepts 5.1 Nature of concepts for terminology To communicate, not every Indlvldual object in the world is differentiated and named. Instead, through observation and a process of abstraction called conceptualization, objects are categorized into mental constructs or units of thought called concepts which are represented in various forms of communication (object →concept → communication). This Intemational Standard does not deal with all concepts represented in language but only with those represented by terminologies. For terminology, concepts are to be considered mental representations of objects within a specialized context or field. Concepts are not 10 be confused with abstract or imagined objecis (i.e., concrele, absiract or imagined objects in a given context are observed and conceptualized mentally and then a designation is atributed to the concept rather than to the objects themselves). For this Intermationa! Standard, the link between an object and its designation or definition is made through the concept, a higher level of abstraction. Producing a terminology requires understanding the conceptualization that underpins human knowledge in a subject area. Because a terminology always deals with special language in a particular field of knowledge, the concept shall be viewed not only as a unit of thought but also as a unit of knowledge. The concepts contextualized in the special language of the subject field can be expressed in the various forms of human communication according to the system used. In natural language, concepts can take the form of terms, appellations, definitions or other linguistic forms; in artificial language, they can take the fom of codes or fomulae while in graphics, they can take the form ot icons, pictures, diagrams or other graphic representations. Concepis may also be expressed with the human body as they are in sign language, facial expressions or body movements. This International Standard does not dea! with the expression of concepts by sign or body language.