IEEE Std 1922.2-2019 pdf download – IEEE Standard for a Method to Calculate Near Real-Time Emissions of Information and Communication Technology Infrastructure.
5.3 Scope of electricity There are different possible sources of electricity for an ICT operator: from local sources (e.g., solar panels or wind turbines), from the electricity grid (for which this standard is providing the rules to calculate emissions, considering production, imports, exports, etC.), and a combination of both. This standard is applied for all cases and the user shall report the scope of eletricity (local production, grid mix, or local production and grid mix) in the standard structure. The user shall also specify the amounts of each when performing the calculations. Regarding the emission factor of local sources of energy, this standard recommends that the user consider the emission factor reported by the manufacturer of the installation (e.g., the solar panel manufacturer/installer). If the information is not available, the user may consider the standard emission factor for that source of electricity in his/her region. If the user has a Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) [B67], a Power Purchase Agreement [B18], or a similar contractual agreement (see [B25]) attesting the source of electricity, he/she shall apply the corresponding emission factors for this source of electricity, as long as this source of electricity is reported separately by the electric utilities. This later condition is essential to prevent the double counting of renewable energy within a region. If a utility does not subtract the REC from its electricity generation when divulging its power mix, then that certified renewable energy can be claimed by the REC contractor, as well as the regular utility consumer. For instance, suppose that 10% of the electricity provided by a utility is renewable and sold as REC to specific consumers. If the utility reports 10% of renewable electricity in its power mix, then regular utility consumers can claim being powered by 10% of renewable energy despite that energy has already been contracted by specific consumers as REC.